Game math & fairness
The certified mathematics behind every spin, deal and bet — and the metrics operators use to manage it as a portfolio.
House Edge
The casino's built-in mathematical margin on every bet — a per-game design input managed as a blended portfolio.
RTP (Return to Player)
The share of stakes a game is designed to pay back over the long run — the mirror of the house edge.
RNG in Casino Games
The certified software that decides every outcome — and why the edge lives in the paytable, not the randomness.
Provably Fair
A cryptographic commit–reveal scheme that lets players verify each game outcome themselves.
Slot Volatility
Same RTP, different ride — the outcome distribution behind session shape, and why studio volatility labels don't standardize.
Hold Percentage
A term with two common formulas: betting hold/GGR margin and cash hold. Name the denominator first.
Betting Odds Formats
Decimal, fractional and American odds are the same price in three notations — the margin hides inside them.
Bonus economics & loyalty
The control variables of the promotional engine: what bonuses cost, how they are gated, and how loyalty is measured.
Wagering Requirement
The multiplier that decides how many times a bonus must be staked before withdrawal.
Bonus Cost (Bonus-to-GGR)
Consumed bonus value as a share of GGR — pricing the promotional engine against the revenue it generates.
Loss-back & Cashback
Two promotion labels that require explicit definitions, lawful eligibility rules and controlled measurement.
Casino Loyalty Program
Cashback, points, tiers and VIP hosting — mechanics, cost controls and experiment design for incremental retention.
Acquisition & funnel
From paid click to first deposit: the conversion checkpoints where marketing spend turns into paying players — or leaks away.
Media Buy in iGaming
Paid-traffic acquisition — the one metric that decides its ROI and what a platform must do to make it profitable.
Click-to-Registration
A paid-acquisition conversion metric that depends on clean events, attribution rules and comparable cohorts.
Reg-to-Deposit (Reg2Dep)
The share of new registrations that become first-time depositors — where traffic turns into players.
First-Time Deposit (FTD)
The first successful deposit of a new player — the currency of iGaming acquisition.
Second Deposit (FTD2SD)
The share of first-time depositors who deposit again within a defined window — an early retention indicator.
Payment Approval Rate
The share of payment attempts that succeed — the cashier's core KPI and the most fixable funnel leak.
Revenue & retention metrics
The operator P&L vocabulary: how revenue is counted, how player value is estimated, and how retention is actually measured.
GGR and NGR
The two core revenue metrics — what they mean, how they differ, and what drives the gap between them.
ARPU in iGaming
Average Revenue Per User — the formula and the controls required for a fair comparison.
ARPPU in iGaming
Net gaming revenue per paying player — the sharper quality lens for channels and segments.
LTV in iGaming
Lifetime value — how to calculate it by cohort and compare it with acquisition cost.
Paying Active Users
The players who actually deposited in the period — the honest size of the business behind DAU/MAU.
Churn Rate in iGaming
The silent exit — no cancellation event, only a defined period without qualifying activity.
Cohort Retention
The share of a starting cohort still active at D+N, W+N or M+N — the framework behind every retention claim.
Prediction markets
The event-trading layer entering operator portfolios in 2026 — the category, the B2B platform behind it, and our own term for the model.
Prediction Markets
A complete definition for iGaming operators, with context on how the B2B layer works.
Prediction Markets Platform
B2B definition for licensed operators — what the platform includes and how it differs from consumer exchanges.
Polybetting
Turbo Stars' operator-side prediction-market layer — what is documented now and what remains on the roadmap.
Platform & content supply
The B2B supply chain behind an operator: where game logic runs, how content is aggregated, and which system owns the player.
Game Aggregator
One integration, hundreds of studios — how aggregation works, what it changes commercially and what it never changes in the math.
PAM (Player Account Management)
The operator's system of record: identity, wallet, bonus state and compliance flags — and why changing it is a migration.
RGS (Remote Game Server)
Where game logic actually executes — the studio-hosted server model regulators certify and operators integrate.
White Label Casino
Launching under a provider's license and platform — what you buy, what you give up, and what exit really costs.
Seamless Wallet
The single-wallet integration pattern: one balance in the PAM, debited and credited by games in real time.
Licensing & compliance
The legal identity of a gambling business, the checks it must run on players, and the certification behind every game build.
Gambling License
What regulators verify, and how jurisdiction tiers trade speed against trust.
KYC (Know Your Customer)
What licensed operators verify about players, when checks fire, and how KYC friction is engineered without breaking the funnel.
AML (Anti-Money Laundering)
The control system that monitors money movement — risk scoring, transaction monitoring and the reporting regulators actually inspect.
Game Certification
Independent lab testing of RNG, math and builds — what it covers, who issues it, and why the certified build is the product.
Responsible gambling
Player-protection tools as license conditions and product features: limits, exclusion and the operational discipline behind them.
Responsible Gambling (RG)
The licensee's player-protection toolset and obligations — and why sustainable play is the only durable revenue model.
Self-Exclusion
A player's enforceable ban on their own play — brand-level and register-level mechanics, and the operator's obligations while it runs.
Deposit Limit
A control with three initiators — player, regulator, operator — and an asymmetry rule that shapes how limits change.