Game math & fairness
The certified mathematics behind every spin, deal and bet — and the metrics operators use to manage it as a portfolio.
House Edge
The casino's built-in mathematical margin on every bet — a per-game design input managed as a blended portfolio.
RTP (Return to Player)
The share of stakes a game is designed to pay back over the long run — the mirror of the house edge.
RNG in Casino Games
The certified software that decides every outcome — and why the edge lives in the paytable, not the randomness.
Provably Fair
A cryptographic commit–reveal scheme that lets players verify each game outcome themselves.
Hold Percentage
A term with two common formulas: betting hold/GGR margin and cash hold. Name the denominator first.
Betting Odds Formats
Decimal, fractional and American odds are the same price in three notations — the margin hides inside them.
Bonus economics & loyalty
The control variables of the promotional engine: what bonuses cost, how they are gated, and how loyalty is measured.
Wagering Requirement
The multiplier that decides how many times a bonus must be staked before withdrawal.
Bonus Cost (Bonus-to-GGR)
Consumed bonus value as a share of GGR — pricing the promotional engine against the revenue it generates.
Loss-back & Cashback
Two promotion labels that require explicit definitions, lawful eligibility rules and controlled measurement.
Casino Loyalty Program
Cashback, points, tiers and VIP hosting — mechanics, cost controls and experiment design for incremental retention.
Acquisition & funnel
From paid click to first deposit: the conversion checkpoints where marketing spend turns into paying players — or leaks away.
Media Buy in iGaming
Paid-traffic acquisition — the one metric that decides its ROI and what a platform must do to make it profitable.
Click-to-Registration
A paid-acquisition conversion metric that depends on clean events, attribution rules and comparable cohorts.
Reg-to-Deposit (Reg2Dep)
The share of new registrations that become first-time depositors — where traffic turns into players.
First-Time Deposit (FTD)
The first successful deposit of a new player — the currency of iGaming acquisition.
Second Deposit (FTD2SD)
The share of first-time depositors who deposit again within a defined window — an early retention indicator.
Payment Approval Rate
The share of payment attempts that succeed — the cashier's core KPI and the most fixable funnel leak.
Revenue & retention metrics
The operator P&L vocabulary: how revenue is counted, how player value is estimated, and how retention is actually measured.
GGR and NGR
The two core revenue metrics — what they mean, how they differ, and what drives the gap between them.
ARPU in iGaming
Average Revenue Per User — the formula and the controls required for a fair comparison.
ARPPU in iGaming
Net gaming revenue per paying player — the sharper quality lens for channels and segments.
LTV in iGaming
Lifetime value — how to calculate it by cohort and compare it with acquisition cost.
Paying Active Users
The players who actually deposited in the period — the honest size of the business behind DAU/MAU.
Churn Rate in iGaming
The silent exit — no cancellation event, only a defined period without qualifying activity.
Cohort Retention
The share of a starting cohort still active at D+N, W+N or M+N — the framework behind every retention claim.
Prediction markets
The event-trading layer entering operator portfolios in 2026 — the category, the B2B platform behind it, and our own term for the model.
Prediction Markets
A complete definition for iGaming operators, with context on how the B2B layer works.
Prediction Markets Platform
B2B definition for licensed operators — what the platform includes and how it differs from consumer exchanges.
Polybetting
Turbo Stars' operator-side prediction-market layer — what is documented now and what remains on the roadmap.
Licensing & compliance
The legal identity of a gambling business and what regulators actually verify.